diff --git a/src/Data/AlphaNum.php b/src/Data/AlphaNum.php
index 1c9a2ce69..0ec61621f 100644
--- a/src/Data/AlphaNum.php
+++ b/src/Data/AlphaNum.php
@@ -13,14 +13,26 @@
 namespace chillerlan\QRCode\Data;
 
 use chillerlan\QRCode\BitBuffer;
+use chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException;
 use chillerlan\QRCode\QRConst;
-use chillerlan\QRCode\Util;
 
 /**
  *
  */
 class AlphaNum extends QRDataBase implements QRDataInterface{
 
+	const CHAR_MAP = [
+		36 => ' ',
+		37 => '$',
+		38 => '%',
+		39 => '*',
+		40 => '+',
+		41 => '-',
+		42 => '.',
+		43 => '/',
+		44 => ':',
+	];
+
 	/**
 	 * @var int
 	 */
@@ -38,14 +50,37 @@ class AlphaNum extends QRDataBase implements QRDataInterface{
 		$i = 0;
 
 		while($i + 1 < $this->dataLength){
-			$buffer->put(Util::getCharCode($this->data[$i]) * 45 + Util::getCharCode($this->data[$i + 1]), 11);
+			$buffer->put($this->getCharCode($this->data[$i]) * 45 + $this->getCharCode($this->data[$i + 1]), 11);
 			$i += 2;
 		}
 
 		if($i < $this->dataLength){
-			$buffer->put(Util::getCharCode($this->data[$i]), 6);
+			$buffer->put($this->getCharCode($this->data[$i]), 6);
 		}
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @param string $c
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
+	 */
+	private static function getCharCode($c){
+		$c = ord($c);
+
+		switch(true){
+			case ord('0') <= $c && $c <= ord('9'): return $c - ord('0');
+			case ord('A') <= $c && $c <= ord('Z'): return $c - ord('A') + 10;
+			default:
+				foreach(self::CHAR_MAP as $i => $char){
+					if(ord($char) === $c){
+						return $i;
+					}
+				}
+		}
+
+		throw new QRCodeException('illegal char: '.$c);
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/src/Data/Number.php b/src/Data/Number.php
index 5693d41b0..01fce7924 100644
--- a/src/Data/Number.php
+++ b/src/Data/Number.php
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@
 namespace chillerlan\QRCode\Data;
 
 use chillerlan\QRCode\BitBuffer;
+use chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException;
 use chillerlan\QRCode\QRConst;
-use chillerlan\QRCode\Util;
 
 /**
  *
@@ -38,21 +38,48 @@ class Number extends QRDataBase implements QRDataInterface{
 		$i = 0;
 
 		while($i + 2 < $this->dataLength){
-			$buffer->put(Util::parseInt(substr($this->data, $i, 3)), 10);
+			$buffer->put($this->parseInt(substr($this->data, $i, 3)), 10);
 			$i += 3;
 		}
 
 		if($i < $this->dataLength){
 
 			if($this->dataLength - $i === 1){
-				$buffer->put(Util::parseInt(substr($this->data, $i, $i + 1)), 4);
+				$buffer->put($this->parseInt(substr($this->data, $i, $i + 1)), 4);
 			}
 			else if($this->dataLength - $i === 2){
-				$buffer->put(Util::parseInt(substr($this->data, $i, $i + 2)), 7);
+				$buffer->put($this->parseInt(substr($this->data, $i, $i + 2)), 7);
 			}
 
 		}
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @param string $string
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
+	 */
+	private static function parseInt($string){
+		$num = 0;
+
+		$len = strlen($string);
+		for($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++){
+			$c = ord($string[$i]);
+			$ord0 = ord('0');
+
+			if($ord0 <= $c && $c <= ord('9')){
+				$c = $c - $ord0;
+			}
+			else{
+				throw new QRCodeException('illegal char: '.$c);
+			}
+
+			$num = $num * 10 + $c;
+		}
+
+		return $num;
+	}
+
 }
diff --git a/src/QRCode.php b/src/QRCode.php
index c56d436c4..299283761 100644
--- a/src/QRCode.php
+++ b/src/QRCode.php
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use chillerlan\QRCode\Output\QROutputInterface;
 
 /**
  * @link https://github.com/kazuhikoarase/qrcode-generator/tree/master/php
+ * @link http://www.thonky.com/qr-code-tutorial/
  */
 class QRCode{
 
@@ -117,7 +118,18 @@ class QRCode{
 			throw new QRCodeException('Invalid error correct level: '.$options->errorCorrectLevel);
 		}
 
-		$mode = Util::getMode($data);
+		switch(true){
+			case Util::isAlphaNum($data):
+				$mode = Util::isNumber($data) ? QRConst::MODE_NUMBER : QRConst::MODE_ALPHANUM;
+				break;
+			case Util::isKanji($data)   :
+				$mode = QRConst::MODE_KANJI;
+				break;
+			default:
+				$mode = QRConst::MODE_BYTE;
+				break;
+		}
+
 
 		$qrDataInterface = __NAMESPACE__.'\\Data\\'.[
 			QRConst::MODE_ALPHANUM => 'AlphaNum',
@@ -137,7 +149,7 @@ class QRCode{
 				: $this->qrDataInterface->dataLength;
 
 			for($type = 1; $type <= 10; $type++){
-				if($length <= Util::getMaxLength($type, $mode, $this->errorCorrectLevel)){
+				if($length <= $this->getMaxLength($type, $mode, $this->errorCorrectLevel)){
 					$this->typeNumber = $type;
 
 					return $this;
@@ -281,13 +293,83 @@ class QRCode{
 		return $this->matrix;
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @param int $typeNumber
+	 * @param int $mode
+	 * @param int $ecLevel
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
+	 */
+	protected static function getMaxLength($typeNumber, $mode, $ecLevel){
+		$RSBLOCK = QRConst::RSBLOCK;
+		$MAX_LENGTH = QRConst::MAX_LENGTH;
+		$MODE = QRConst::MODE;
+
+		if(!isset($RSBLOCK[$ecLevel])){
+			throw new QRCodeException('$_err: '.$ecLevel);
+		}
+
+		if(!isset($MODE[$mode])){
+			throw new QRCodeException('$_mode: '.$mode);
+		}
+
+		return $MAX_LENGTH[$typeNumber - 1][$RSBLOCK[$ecLevel]][$MODE[$mode]];
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param int $data
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	protected static function getBCHTypeInfo($data){
+		$d = $data << 10;
+
+		while(self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G15) >= 0){
+			$d ^= (QRConst::G15 << (self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G15)));
+		}
+
+		return (($data << 10)|$d)^QRConst::G15_MASK;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param int $data
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	protected static function getBCHTypeNumber($data){
+		$d = $data << 12;
+
+		while(self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G18) >= 0){
+			$d ^= (QRConst::G18 << (self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G18)));
+		}
+
+		return ($data << 12)|$d;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @param int $data
+	 *
+	 * @return int
+	 */
+	protected static function getBCHDigit($data){
+		$digit = 0;
+
+		while($data !== 0){
+			$digit++;
+			$data >>= 1;
+		}
+
+		return $digit;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * @param bool $test
 	 * @param int  $pattern
 	 */
 	protected function setTypeInfo($test, $pattern){
 		$this->setPattern();
-		$bits = Util::getBCHTypeInfo(($this->errorCorrectLevel << 3) | $pattern);
+		$bits = self::getBCHTypeInfo(($this->errorCorrectLevel << 3) | $pattern);
 
 		for($i = 0; $i < 15; $i++){
 			$mod = !$test && (($bits >> $i) & 1) === 1;
@@ -376,7 +458,7 @@ class QRCode{
 	 * @return $this
 	 */
 	protected function setTypeNumber($test){
-		$bits = Util::getBCHTypeNumber($this->typeNumber);
+		$bits = self::getBCHTypeNumber($this->typeNumber);
 
 		for($i = 0; $i < 18; $i++){
 			$a = (int)floor($i / 3);
@@ -540,13 +622,42 @@ class QRCode{
 
 	}
 
+	/**
+	 * @param int $typeNumber
+	 * @param int $errorCorrectLevel
+	 *
+	 * @return array
+	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
+	 */
+	protected static function getRSBlocks($typeNumber, $errorCorrectLevel){
+		// PHP5 compat
+		$RSBLOCK = QRConst::RSBLOCK;
+		$BLOCK_TABLE = QRConst::BLOCK_TABLE;
+
+		if(!isset($RSBLOCK[$errorCorrectLevel])){
+			throw new QRCodeException('$typeNumber: '.$typeNumber.' / $errorCorrectLevel: '.$errorCorrectLevel.PHP_EOL.print_r($RSBLOCK, true));
+		}
+
+		$rsBlock = $BLOCK_TABLE[($typeNumber - 1) * 4 + $RSBLOCK[$errorCorrectLevel]];
+
+		$list = [];
+		$length = count($rsBlock) / 3;
+		for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++){
+			for($j = 0; $j < $rsBlock[$i * 3 + 0]; $j++){
+				$list[] = [$rsBlock[$i * 3 + 1], $rsBlock[$i * 3 + 2]];
+			}
+		}
+
+		return $list;
+	}
+
 	/**
 	 * @return array
 	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
 	 */
 	protected function createBytes(){
 		$totalCodeCount = $maxDcCount = $maxEcCount = $offset = $index = 0;
-		$rsBlocks = Util::getRSBlocks($this->typeNumber, $this->errorCorrectLevel);
+		$rsBlocks = $this->getRSBlocks($this->typeNumber, $this->errorCorrectLevel);
 		$rsBlockCount = count($rsBlocks);
 		$dcdata = $ecdata = array_fill(0, $rsBlockCount, null);
 
diff --git a/src/QRConst.php b/src/QRConst.php
index 2989661cd..77876f305 100644
--- a/src/QRConst.php
+++ b/src/QRConst.php
@@ -65,18 +65,6 @@ class QRConst{
 	const PAD0 = 0xEC;
 	const PAD1 = 0x11;
 
-	const CHAR_MAP = [
-		36 => ' ',
-		37 => '$',
-		38 => '%',
-		39 => '*',
-		40 => '+',
-		41 => '-',
-		42 => '.',
-		43 => '/',
-		44 => ':',
-	];
-
 	const MAX_LENGTH = [
 		[[ 41,  25,  17,  10], [ 34,  20,  14,   8], [ 27,  16,  11,   7], [ 17,  10,   7,   4]],
 		[[ 77,  47,  32,  20], [ 63,  38,  26,  16], [ 48,  29,  20,  12], [ 34,  20,  14,   8]],
diff --git a/src/Util.php b/src/Util.php
index 09fa5c6e6..014c6ff22 100644
--- a/src/Util.php
+++ b/src/Util.php
@@ -17,75 +17,6 @@ namespace chillerlan\QRCode;
  */
 class Util{
 
-	/**
-	 * @param int $typeNumber
-	 * @param int $errorCorrectLevel
-	 *
-	 * @return array
-	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
-	 */
-	public static function getRSBlocks($typeNumber, $errorCorrectLevel){
-		// PHP5 compat
-		$RSBLOCK = QRConst::RSBLOCK;
-		$BLOCK_TABLE = QRConst::BLOCK_TABLE;
-
-		if(!isset($RSBLOCK[$errorCorrectLevel])){
-			throw new QRCodeException('$typeNumber: '.$typeNumber.' / $errorCorrectLevel: '.$errorCorrectLevel.PHP_EOL.print_r($RSBLOCK, true));
-		}
-
-		$rsBlock = $BLOCK_TABLE[($typeNumber - 1) * 4 + $RSBLOCK[$errorCorrectLevel]];
-
-		$list = [];
-		$length = count($rsBlock) / 3;
-		for($i = 0; $i < $length; $i++){
-			for($j = 0; $j < $rsBlock[$i * 3 + 0]; $j++){
-				$list[] = [$rsBlock[$i * 3 + 1], $rsBlock[$i * 3 + 2]];
-			}
-		}
-
-		return $list;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param int $typeNumber
-	 * @param int $mode
-	 * @param int $ecLevel
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
-	 */
-	public static function getMaxLength($typeNumber, $mode, $ecLevel){
-		$RSBLOCK = QRConst::RSBLOCK;
-		$MAX_LENGTH = QRConst::MAX_LENGTH;
-		$MODE = QRConst::MODE;
-
-		if(!isset($RSBLOCK[$ecLevel])){
-			throw new QRCodeException('$_err: '.$ecLevel);
-		}
-
-		if(!isset($MODE[$mode])){
-			throw new QRCodeException('$_mode: '.$mode);
-		}
-
-		return $MAX_LENGTH[$typeNumber - 1][$RSBLOCK[$ecLevel]][$MODE[$mode]];
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param string $s
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 */
-	public static function getMode($s){
-
-		switch(true){
-			case self::isAlphaNum($s): return self::isNumber($s) ? QRConst::MODE_NUMBER : QRConst::MODE_ALPHANUM;
-			case self::isKanji($s)   : return QRConst::MODE_KANJI;
-			default:
-				return QRConst::MODE_BYTE;
-		}
-
-	}
-
 	/**
 	 * @param string $s
 	 *
@@ -150,100 +81,4 @@ class Util{
 		return true;
 	}
 
-	/**
-	 * @param int $data
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 */
-	public static function getBCHTypeInfo($data){
-		$d = $data << 10;
-
-		while(self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G15) >= 0){
-			$d ^= (QRConst::G15 << (self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G15)));
-		}
-
-		return (($data << 10)|$d)^QRConst::G15_MASK;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param int $data
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 */
-	public static function getBCHTypeNumber($data){
-		$d = $data << 12;
-
-		while(self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G18) >= 0){
-			$d ^= (QRConst::G18 << (self::getBCHDigit($d) - self::getBCHDigit(QRConst::G18)));
-		}
-
-		return ($data << 12)|$d;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param int $data
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 */
-	public static function getBCHDigit($data){
-		$digit = 0;
-
-		while($data !== 0){
-			$digit++;
-			$data >>= 1;
-		}
-
-		return $digit;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param string $c
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
-	 */
-	public static function getCharCode($c){
-		$c = ord($c);
-
-		switch(true){
-			case ord('0') <= $c && $c <= ord('9'): return $c - ord('0');
-			case ord('A') <= $c && $c <= ord('Z'): return $c - ord('A') + 10;
-			default:
-				foreach(QRConst::CHAR_MAP as $i => $char){
-					if(ord($char) === $c){
-						return $i;
-					}
-				}
-		}
-
-		throw new QRCodeException('illegal char: '.$c);
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @param string $string
-	 *
-	 * @return int
-	 * @throws \chillerlan\QRCode\QRCodeException
-	 */
-	public static function parseInt($string){
-		$num = 0;
-
-		$len = strlen($string);
-		for($i = 0; $i < $len; $i++){
-			$c = ord($string[$i]);
-			$ord0 = ord('0');
-
-			if($ord0 <= $c && $c <= ord('9')){
-				$c = $c - $ord0;
-			}
-			else{
-				throw new QRCodeException('illegal char: '.$c);
-			}
-
-			$num = $num * 10 + $c;
-		}
-
-		return $num;
-	}
-
 }