diff --git a/src/Output/CssColorModuleValueTrait.php b/src/Output/CssColorModuleValueTrait.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..817ed7f13
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Output/CssColorModuleValueTrait.php
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * CssColorModuleValueTrait.php
+ *
+ * @created      04.05.2024
+ * @author       smiley <smiley@chillerlan.net>
+ * @copyright    2024 smiley
+ * @license      MIT
+ */
+
+namespace chillerlan\QRCode\Output;
+
+use function is_string, preg_match, strip_tags, trim;
+
+/**
+ * Module value checks for output classes that use CSS colors
+ */
+trait CssColorModuleValueTrait{
+
+	/**
+	 * note: we're not necessarily validating the several values, just checking the general syntax
+	 * note: css4 colors are not included
+	 *
+	 * @todo: XSS proof
+	 *
+	 * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value
+	 * @implements \chillerlan\QRCode\Output\QROutputInterface::moduleValueIsValid()
+	 * @inheritDoc
+	 */
+	public static function moduleValueIsValid(mixed $value):bool{
+
+		if(!is_string($value)){
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		$value = trim(strip_tags($value), " '\"\r\n\t");
+
+		// hex notation
+		// #rgb(a)
+		// #rrggbb(aa)
+		if(preg_match('/^#([\da-f]{3}){1,2}$|^#([\da-f]{4}){1,2}$/i', $value)){
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		// css: hsla/rgba(...values)
+		if(preg_match('#^(hsla?|rgba?)\([\d .,%/]+\)$#i', $value)){
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		// predefined css color
+		if(preg_match('/^[a-z]+$/i', $value)){
+			return true;
+		}
+
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @implements \chillerlan\QRCode\Output\QROutputAbstract::prepareModuleValue()
+	 * @inheritDoc
+	 */
+	protected function prepareModuleValue(mixed $value):string{
+		return trim(strip_tags($value), " '\"\r\n\t");
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * @implements \chillerlan\QRCode\Output\QROutputAbstract::getDefaultModuleValue()
+	 * @inheritDoc
+	 */
+	protected function getDefaultModuleValue(bool $isDark):string{
+		return ($isDark) ? '#000' : '#fff';
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/src/Output/QRMarkup.php b/src/Output/QRMarkup.php
index 06fb53728..f7d52c1e0 100644
--- a/src/Output/QRMarkup.php
+++ b/src/Output/QRMarkup.php
@@ -10,63 +10,11 @@
 
 namespace chillerlan\QRCode\Output;
 
-use function is_string, preg_match, strip_tags, trim;
-
 /**
  * Abstract for markup types: HTML, SVG, ... XML anyone?
  */
 abstract class QRMarkup extends QROutputAbstract{
-
-	/**
-	 * note: we're not necessarily validating the several values, just checking the general syntax
-	 * note: css4 colors are not included
-	 *
-	 * @todo: XSS proof
-	 *
-	 * @see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/CSS/color_value
-	 * @inheritDoc
-	 */
-	public static function moduleValueIsValid(mixed $value):bool{
-
-		if(!is_string($value)){
-			return false;
-		}
-
-		$value = trim(strip_tags($value), " '\"\r\n\t");
-
-		// hex notation
-		// #rgb(a)
-		// #rrggbb(aa)
-		if(preg_match('/^#([\da-f]{3}){1,2}$|^#([\da-f]{4}){1,2}$/i', $value)){
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		// css: hsla/rgba(...values)
-		if(preg_match('#^(hsla?|rgba?)\([\d .,%/]+\)$#i', $value)){
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		// predefined css color
-		if(preg_match('/^[a-z]+$/i', $value)){
-			return true;
-		}
-
-		return false;
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @inheritDoc
-	 */
-	protected function prepareModuleValue(mixed $value):string{
-		return trim(strip_tags($value), " '\"\r\n\t");
-	}
-
-	/**
-	 * @inheritDoc
-	 */
-	protected function getDefaultModuleValue(bool $isDark):string{
-		return ($isDark) ? '#000' : '#fff';
-	}
+	use CssColorModuleValueTrait;
 
 	/**
 	 * @inheritDoc
diff --git a/tests/Output/CssColorModuleValueProviderTrait.php b/tests/Output/CssColorModuleValueProviderTrait.php
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..52ee60ad5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Output/CssColorModuleValueProviderTrait.php
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * CssColorModuleValueProviderTrait.php
+ *
+ * @created      04.05.2024
+ * @author       smiley <smiley@chillerlan.net>
+ * @copyright    2024 smiley
+ * @license      MIT
+ */
+
+namespace chillerlan\QRCodeTest\Output;
+
+/**
+ * A data provider for use in tests that include CssColorModuleValueTrait
+ *
+ * @see \chillerlan\QRCode\Output\CssColorModuleValueTrait
+ */
+trait CssColorModuleValueProviderTrait{
+
+	/**
+	 * @implements \chillerlan\QRCodeTest\Output\QROutputTestAbstract::moduleValueProvider()
+	 */
+	public static function moduleValueProvider():array{
+		return [
+			'invalid: wrong type'            => [[], false],
+			'valid: hex color (3)'           => ['#abc', true],
+			'valid: hex color (4)'           => ['#abcd', true],
+			'valid: hex color (6)'           => ['#aabbcc', true],
+			'valid: hex color (8)'           => ['#aabbccdd', true],
+			'invalid: hex color (non-hex)'   => ['#aabbcxyz', false],
+			'invalid: hex color (too short)' => ['#aa', false],
+			'invalid: hex color (5)'         => ['#aabbc', false],
+			'invalid: hex color (7)'         => ['#aabbccd', false],
+			'valid: rgb(...%)'               => ['rgb(100.0%, 0.0%, 0.0%)', true],
+			'valid: rgba(...)'               => ['  rgba(255, 0, 0,    1.0)  ', true],
+			'valid: hsl(...)'                => ['hsl(120, 60%, 50%)', true],
+			'valid: hsla(...)'               => ['hsla(120, 255,   191.25, 1.0)', true],
+			'invalid: rgba(non-numeric)'     => ['rgba(255, 0, whatever, 0, 1.0)', false],
+			'invalid: rgba(extra-char)'      => ['rgba(255, 0, 0, 1.0);', false],
+			'valid: csscolor'                => ['purple', true],
+			'invalid: c5sc0lor'              => ['c5sc0lor', false],
+		];
+	}
+
+}
diff --git a/tests/Output/QRMarkupTestAbstract.php b/tests/Output/QRMarkupTestAbstract.php
index e724332f1..1dc23abe2 100644
--- a/tests/Output/QRMarkupTestAbstract.php
+++ b/tests/Output/QRMarkupTestAbstract.php
@@ -16,28 +16,7 @@ use chillerlan\QRCode\Data\QRMatrix;
  * Tests the QRMarkup output module
  */
 abstract class QRMarkupTestAbstract extends QROutputTestAbstract{
-
-	public static function moduleValueProvider():array{
-		return [
-			'invalid: wrong type'            => [[], false],
-			'valid: hex color (3)'           => ['#abc', true],
-			'valid: hex color (4)'           => ['#abcd', true],
-			'valid: hex color (6)'           => ['#aabbcc', true],
-			'valid: hex color (8)'           => ['#aabbccdd', true],
-			'invalid: hex color (non-hex)'   => ['#aabbcxyz', false],
-			'invalid: hex color (too short)' => ['#aa', false],
-			'invalid: hex color (5)'         => ['#aabbc', false],
-			'invalid: hex color (7)'         => ['#aabbccd', false],
-			'valid: rgb(...%)'               => ['rgb(100.0%, 0.0%, 0.0%)', true],
-			'valid: rgba(...)'               => ['  rgba(255, 0, 0,    1.0)  ', true],
-			'valid: hsl(...)'                => ['hsl(120, 60%, 50%)', true],
-			'valid: hsla(...)'               => ['hsla(120, 255,   191.25, 1.0)', true],
-			'invalid: rgba(non-numeric)'     => ['rgba(255, 0, whatever, 0, 1.0)', false],
-			'invalid: rgba(extra-char)'      => ['rgba(255, 0, 0, 1.0);', false],
-			'valid: csscolor'                => ['purple', true],
-			'invalid: c5sc0lor'              => ['c5sc0lor', false],
-		];
-	}
+	use CssColorModuleValueProviderTrait;
 
 	/**
 	 * @inheritDoc